Lock.



No. 672,594. Patented Apr. 23, l90l,. P. V. GORNILS.

LOCK.

(Application filed Mar. 18, 1900.) (No Model.)

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UNITED- STATES ATENT FFICE.

PETER VOLGUARD OORNILS, OF SEATTLE, WVASHINGTON.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 672,594, dated April23, 1901.

' Application filed March 16, 1900. Serial No. 8,925. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PETER VOLGUARD GOR- NILS, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, and a resident of Seattle, county of King, and Stateof Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLocks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in look mechanism, and isespecially adapted to that class of locking and latching devicesdesignated as mortise-locks; and Ihave for the objects of my inventionto provide simple and efficient mechanism for looking a door that can bereadily substituted for ordinary knobspindles in latches or locks of themortise type, which employ a rotatable spindle to retract thelatch-bolt; also, to provide means for engagement with the door-stilewhereby a knobspindle may be locked from rotation from one or both sidesof the door. I attain these objects by the construction, combinations,and arrangement of parts as illustrated on the accompanying drawings andset forth in the followingspecification.

With reference to the drawings forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 indicates aportion of a door-stile viewed at right angles toline 1 2 of Fig. 4 andindicated in transverse section to disclose thelock-case with a portion thereof broken away to uncover theknob-spindle, which is indicated in longitudinal section on line 1 2,Fig. 4 with its attendant parts indicated in relative position when thespindle is locked from rotation. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of thespindle-knob on the left in Fig. 1, but indicated with the cap thereofand its attendant mechanism removed to disclose the spring adapted topress the locking-bolt. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the spindle-knobdisclosed on the right in Fig. l and the cap thereof removed and thetumbler-case therein indicated in transverse section on line 3 4, Fig.l, to disclose the arrangement of tumblers provided to engage thepush-bar, the yoke of which is also disclosed in transverse section ateach side of the tumblers, and a portion of a key is indicated as aboutto press the tumblers to release the knob-spindle for rotation. Fig. 4is an end view of the spindle-knob disclosed on the left in Fig. 1, andwhich is preferably the inner knob on all ordinary doors, and isindicated with a portion broken away to dis close the plate provided onthe door-stile to receive the detent carried by the locking-bolt, whichis positioned in the knob-spindle and is indicated therewith intransverse section, and with the detent engaging the plate, and aportion of the door-stile and lock-case indicated in relative position.Fig. 5 is a transverse section through a portion of the doorstile anddisclosing portions of a lock-case and esculcheon with a modified formof lock-plate in relative position. Fig. 6 is a plan of the modifiedform of lock-plate disclosed in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a perspective view ofone-half of the casing provided in the outer knob-spindle to support thetumblers; and Fig. 8 is a side view of the knob-spindle at right anglesto the view thereof disclosed in Fig. 1, but with the spindle-knobsandportions of the locking mechanism removed.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views of the drawings.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, A indicates the stile of any ordinary door; B, the frameof any ordinary mortise lock or latch, ordinarily termed the lock-case,and indicated in Fig. 1 with a portion broken away to disclose the hubb, adapted to operate the latch mechanism, and indicated in transversesection to show the knob-spindle O passing therethrough and engagingtherewith in the ordinary manner.

At opposite ends of the knob-spindle O are provided the hollow knobs Dand D, the former preferably applied at the inner and the latter at theouter face of the door, and each is provided with a removable cap, as dor d, which is secured in position in any well-known manner. These knobsD and D and the caps therefor are preferably formed from sheet metal,and the hubs 24. thereof are provided with interior reinforcements orcastings, as d and 01 which are each provided with a suitable recess 20,adapted to receive the ends of the knob-spindle G, and suitable screws,as 4 and 5, are provided to secure the said parts together in thewell-known manner, a plurality of threaded apertures, as 6, beingprovided in the reinforcements and spindle ends to receive said screws,and therelatter extending from said aperture to the. The slot is is i byprovide means whereby the spindle-knobs may be adjusted to accommodatedoors of various thicknesses, as in the ordinary arrangement ofdoor-locks of the mortise type.

At each face of the door is provided a suitable escutcheon, which ispositioned concentric with the knob-spindle O, and the outer escutcheonE is preferably provided with an extended rim f, which encircles the hub24 of the spindle-knob D and provides a bearing therefor to support theknob-spindle and serves to protect the screw 5 from manipulation whenthe lock parts are assembled in operative position on a door. The innerescutcheon E is also provided with a rim to receive and provide abearing for the hub 24 of the spindle-knob D and has an annular recess fprovided in thetunder surface of the base-flange 2i thereof of suitablediameter to receive the rim of the lock-plate F.

The base-flanges 21 of the escutcheons E and E are preferably ofsuitable diameter to receive bolts 6 in suitable apertures 22, which arethreaded in the outer escutcheon E to engage the ends of these bolts andare positioned diametrically opposite to accommodate the bolts e atopposite sides of the lock-case B, whereby the bolts pass entirelythrough the door-stile and serve to secure the escutcheons andlock-plate F in position, and thereby provide rigid support for theknob-spindle O, with the hubs ot' the knobs thereof engaging the rimsprovided on the escutcheons to receive the same.

The knob-spindle O is preferably rectangular in cross-section and ofsuitable dimensions which adapt it for substitution in place of thespindle employed in ordinary latches and locks of the mortise type andis provided with slots 7c and extending longitudinally thereof, theformer preferably extending from the inner end of the spindle to a pointadjacent the position of the'lock-plate F and terminating at an aperture10 provided transverse the knob-spindle at this point, and the outer endof the knob-spindle. provided to receive a suitable locking-bolt,

as H, which is preferably rectangular in crosssection to correspond withthe slot It, in which it may be adjusted by longitudinal movement. Thelocking-bolt thus positioned in the knob-spindle is preferably producedwith its inner end providing a suitable detent h, which engages theaperture k and extends laterally from opposite sides of the knobspindleto engage with the lock-plate B when so adjusted in said aperture by amovement: of the locking-bolt, the said plate being suitably providedwith an aperture f concentric with the knob-spindle and having radialslots g in the periphery thereof of convenient form and size to receivethe projecting ends of the, detent h, whereby the knob-spindle C may belocked from rotation.

The aperture 10 provided in the knob-spindie, is of sufficient length topermit the detent h to move just beyond either face of the lock-plate Fand to release therefrom, and thus unlock the spindle for rotation withthe detent at either side of the lock-plate, as determined by theoperator.

The locking-bolt H is extended in length beyond the inner end of theknob-spindle C and enters the hollow knob D to engage a suitable spring,as H, preferably formed from sheet metal and secured to the inner wallof the knob, with its free end pressing upon the outer end or head h ofthe lockingbolt and having a suitable bifurcation to provide for theintroduction of a suitable screwbolt, as n, to the head h, in which asuitablythreaded aperture n is provided to receive one end of said boltand is of sufficient depth to permit of a longitudinal adjustmentthereof. the end of the locking-bolt- H and beyond the outer surface ofthe "knob-cap d to provide the axis for a rotatable knob K, which ispreferably provided as means foradjusting the locking-bolt to withdrawthe detent h from the lock-plate F, andlmay also be employed by suitableadjustment to prevent the for resisting the inward pressure of thespring provided in theperiphery of the aperture 01 of the knob-cap-d toreceive said pin when the knob K is resting in an inner position, withthe detent h forced by pressure of the spring H to engage the lock-plateF and to press upon the inner end of the push-bar H The push-bar H ispreferably employed to oppose and resist pressure of the spring H; but,if desirable, the knob K may be adjusted for this purpose by enteringthe screw 'n still deeper into the head h, thereby causing the undersurface 7 of the knob-head to bear upon the outer surface of the cap atwhen the locking-bolt H isadjusted to register the detent h with thelockplate F, and thus oppose movement of the detent beyond thelock-plate. In this manner the use of the push-bar H as a stop to opposethe pressure of the spring H is avoided and the locking mechanismindicated on the inner end of the knob-spindle is adapted to operateindependently of the mechanism indicated on the outer end thereof, and

means are thus provided whereby the spindle may be locked from rotationand released for rotation at one side of thedoor only. It will beunderstood that the pin which provides the shoulder 23 should be reducedin length proportionately as the knob K is advanced toward the head h ofthe locking'bolt by the adjustment of the screw-bolt 'n, that the endthereof will clear the outer surface of the cap 01 when the detent hcontacts the wall of the aperture W, as indicated by dotted lines inFig. 1, and the knob K may then be given a partial rotation to carry thepin 15 clear of the slot 11., when it may rest in a position indicatedby the dotted lines in Fig. tand secure the knob in its adjustedposition and permit the knob-spindle C to be rotated.

To provide means whereby the detent h may be adjusted from the outerspindle-knob Dto lock and unlock the knob-spindle, the push-bar H ispreferably introduced and is adapted to engage the slot K forlongitudinal movement therein,with its inner end abutting the detent hand the outer end thereof providing a yoke 10 which is adapted toinclose a plurality of suitable tumblers, as T, located within the outerknob D, and a suitable button b is provided at the outer extremity ofthe yoke K which button projects outwardly a suitable distance from thecap (1 to permit said button to be pushed inward to force the detent hfrom the recess a, provided in the door-stile, into which position-it ispressed by the action of the spring H when the tumblers T are adjustedto permit the inner transverse side 8 of the yoke 70 to enter the wardsy, providedtherein.

The tumblers T are preferably positioned in a suitable casing d which isformed integral with the reinforcement d and is suitably chambered andslotted to accommodate the movement of -the'push-bar H and the tumblersT and to provide for the support of a plurality ofsuitable coiledsprings, as s, which are engaged at one end with the tumblers to pressthem toward the keyway v and are suitably mounted on a stud, as 9, andare confined for pressure bya pin 10, which engages the opposite endsthereof. This casing is preferably formed in halves, one of which isdisclosed by Fig. 7 and provides a chamber 11 to receive the tumblers Tfor adjustment transverse the spindlek nob and an extension 12 of saidchamber to receive the keyway t, which is preferably formed of sheetmetal bent to provide a casing rectangular in cross section and of lesswidth than the chamber 12, whereby projecting ends t, which are formedon the tumblers T, are received between one wall of the chamber 12 andthe keyway, and the tumblers are thereby more perfectly supported. Thecasing d is also provided with a suitable recess to receive the end ofthe knob-spindle, and a slotted extension 14 of said recess is providedto accommodate the push-bar H and yoke and each half of the casing is.provided with lugs 15,

which provide support for opposite ends of the studs 9 and 10.

The tumblers T may be provided in any suitable number and with wards ytransverse the inner edge thereof equal in width to the thickness ofmetal forming the yoke 163 and adapted to receive the side 8 thereofwhen the tumblers are adjusted by pressing upon a suitable key, as P,introduced in the keyway 11 to force the tumblers against the pressureexerted by the springs s.

The adjustment of the tumblers T by the key P permits the spring H toadjust the push-bar H and move the detent h into annular recess a, andthus unlock the knobspindle C for rotation, and when desirable to againlock the spindle the button I) is employed to force the push-bar Hagainst pressure of the spring H until the detent h is received by thenotches 9, provided in the lockplate F, and the side 8 of the yoke 10clears the wards y, when the springs 3 force the tumblers T to movementand the inner edges thereof engage with the side 8 to oppose movement ofthe detent by the spring H, and the knob-spindle is locked fromrotation, as indicated in Fig. 1.

It will be understood that the locking-bolt H and push-bar Pl arepositioned within the knob-spindle with reference to the side sur: facesthereof, that the spindle may be readily substituted for the ordinaryknobspindle employedin mortise-locks, also that the lock plate F may bemodified, as disclosed in Figs. 5 and 6, and may comprise a section ofplate F with a suitable aperture f adapted to receive the knob-spindleand permit free rotation thereof, and having suitable notches g in theperiphery to receive the detent h, and

suitable radiating leaves or arms g of greater between by pressure ofthe screws 6, and a suitable recess is provided at each side of theplate F to permit rotation of the detent h when disengaged therefrom.

By simply detaching the knob K the looking mechanism may be modified soas to be operative from the spindle knob D only as the spring H pressesthe detent h to engagement with the slots 9 of the lock-plate F and todisengage from the opposite side thereof. Thus the push-arm H andtumblers T are adapted to provide means wherebythe detent may beretained in engagement with the lockplate to lock the spindle orreleased therefrom by the use of a key, as P, to enter the recess ct andfree the knob-spindle for rotation when the button 5' may be pressedupon by the operator to move the push-arm inward and force the detentinto engagement with the lock-plate, and the tumblers are forced by thesprings s to move transversely with reference to the movement of thepush-bar lLO and to secure same from outward movement, as heretoforeexplained.

When the locking mechanism heretofore described is to be provided fordoors of various thicknesses, it is found desirable to provide thepush-bar H of sufficient length to permit proper operation of themechanism when the knob D is adjusted to extreme outer position on theknob-spindle. The inner end of the push-bar may then be reduced inlength, if it be found necessary, to adjust the knob inward on thespindle.

It will be clearly understood that the knob K may be movedlongitudinally with the innerspindle-knob by simply turning thescrewbolt n, as heretofore described. Furthermore, it is apparent thatthe detent his so positioned as to be adapted for engagement with theslotsin the lock-plate when the knobspindle is lying in a normalposition, as determined by the latch mechanism contained in alock-case,as B,and the position of a latchbolt, as B, protruding from thelock-case to each end of the spindle, whereby the detent Lock mechanismis thus provided whichi may be readily substituted for the knob-spin-ldles employed in ordinary mortise locks and.

secure the door in the well-known manner.

latches, and may be so manipulated when mechanism on other doors.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to secure by LettersPatent is- 1. In a lock, the combination of latch mechanism, aknob-spindle normally rotatable to operate said mechanism, a lock-plateatone face of the door-stile, exterior to the lock, locking devices onthe spindle and movable into and out of engagement of the lock-plate:and securing the spindle against rotation when said devices are engagedwith said plate, and means independently operating from each end of thespindle for moving the lock ing devices out of engagement with the lock.

plate and releasing the spindle.

2. In a lock, the combination of latch mechanism a normally-rotatablespindle, a lockplate at one outer face of the door-stile, ex-

terior to the lock-case and independent thereof, and having a centralaperture, a detent movable on the spindle in line with the aperture inthe lock-plate, means for actuating the detent to cause it to engage thelock-plate .and secure the spindle against rotation, and

which said locking means are adapted to engage, and means operative fromthe end of the knob-spindle for operating said locking 1 means torelease and lock the spindle.

4:. In a lock, latch mechanism, a knob-spindle normally rotatable tooperate said mechanism, a lock-plate arranged at one face of thedoor-stile and exterior of the look, a detent carried by said spindleand slidahly mounted thereon, a spring exerting its pressure againstsaid detent to engage the latter with the lock-plate to lock the spindleagainst rotation, and means operative from either end of said spindlefor manipulating the detent to release and lock the spindle.

5. In locks providing a mortise case; a knob-spindle normally rotatableto operate same, a lock-plate exterior the lock-case and independentthereof, a detent engaged with the spindle and adjustable thereon, meanspressing said detent to engage the lock-plate to lock the spindle andmeans, engaging said detent and independently operating from may beadjusted to lock and unlock said spindle; substantially as shown anddescribed.

6. In locks; latch mechanism, a knob-spindle normally rotatable tooperate same, a lockplate exterior of the lock and independent thereof,a movable detent engaged with the knob-spindle and spring-pressed toengage with the lock-plate from one side thereof, to lock the spindle,and to disengage from said plate at the opposite side, to unlock thespindle; means, operative from one end of the knob-spindle to withdrawandsecure the detent from engagement with the plate and adjustable topermit spring action thereof and other means opposing spring action ofthe detent when engaging the plate, and operative from the opposite endof the knob-spindle to permit full spring action of and to move saiddetent to again engage the plate; substantially as shown and described.

7. In locks; latch mechanism, a knob-spindle normally rotatable tooperate same and providing a hollow knob, alock-plate, a locking-boltslidably engaged with the knob-spindle and having a detent formed at itsinner end and projecting from opposite sides thereof, a spring withinsaid knob pressing said bolt to engage the detent with said lock-plateto lock the knob-spindle, and means connected to the locking-bolt andoperative from the exterior of said knob whereby said bolt may beoperated to unlock the spindle; substantially as shown and described.

8. In locks; latch mechanism, a spindle normally rotatable to operatesame and having a hollow knob, a lock-plate, a locking-bolt slidablyengaged with the spindle and having a detent formed at its inner end andprojecting from opposite sides thereof, a spring, pressing the detent toengage the lock-plate to lock the spindle, and a knob connected to saidbolt and projecting from the spindle-knob and providing means wherebythe detent may 9. In locks latch mechanism, arectangular spindle,normally rotatableto operate same,

and having a hollow knob and alongitudinal 1 slot, a lock-plate,-alocking-bolt slidably engaged in said slot and having a detent formed atits inner end and projecting from opposite sides thereof, a springwithin said knob pressin g the locking-bolt to engage said detent withthe lock-plate, and a knob attached to the 1ocking-bolt and projectingfrom the spindleknob and providing means whereby said detent may beoperated in said slot and secured in adjusted positions to lock andunlock the spindle; substantially asshown anddescribed.

10. In locks; latch mechanism, a knob-spindle normally rotatable tooperate same, a lock-plate secured at one face of the doorstile, adetent slidably mounted upon said spindle and spring-pressed todisengage from the plate, and means operative from one end of thespindle, to oppose spring action of said detent when engaging the plate,and adjustable to permit of said action and to force the detent to moveagainst said pressure to again engage the plate; substantially as shownand described.

11. In locks; latch mechanism, a spindle normally rotatable to operatesame and having hollow knobs, a lock-plate, a locking-bolt slidablyengaged with the spindle and provided with a detent adapted to normallyengage said plate to lock the spindle, means within one spindle-knobpressing said locking-bolt to disengage the detent from said plate, andadjustable means engaging said bolt to oppose said pressure, andoperative from the opposite knob to adj nst said detent to, unlock andlock said spindle; substantially o as shown and described.

12. In locks; latch mechanism,a rectangular spindle normally rotatableto operate same and having a hollow knob and a longitudinal slot, alock-plate, a detent engaged with said 5 spindle and normally engagingthe lock-plate to lock the spindle and spring-pressed to disengage fromthe plate, an adjustable pushbar in said slot opposing spring action ofthe detent and extending through and projecting from said spindle-knob,and tumblers within said knob engaging the push-bar to secure saiddetent in its engaging position and operative, by means of a key, torelease same for spring action; substantially as shown and 5 5described.

Signed by me at Seattle, county of King, State of Washington, this 13thday of February, 1900.

PETER VOLGUABD CORNILS.

Witnesses:

FRANK E. ADAMS, RUPERT SCHULTHEISS.

